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Classify the following as Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, or
Chapter 18, Problem 94P(choose chapter or problem)
Classify the following as Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, or Lewis acid-base reactions. A reaction may fit all, two, one, or none of the categories:
(a) \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2}^{+}\)
(b) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}+\mathrm{NH}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\)
(c) \(2 \mathrm{HCl} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\)
(d) \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}+\mathrm{Cl}^{-} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{AlCl}_{4}^{-}\)
Equation Transcription:
Text Transcription:
Ag^+ + 2NH_3 ⇌ Ag(NH_3)_2^+
H_2SO_4 + NH_3 ⇌ HSO_4⎺ + NH_4^+
2HCl ⇌ H_2 + Cl_2
AlCl_3 + Cl ⎺ ⇌ AlCl_4⎺
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
Classify the following as Arrhenius, Brønsted-Lowry, or Lewis acid-base reactions. A reaction may fit all, two, one, or none of the categories:
(a) \(\mathrm{Ag}^{+}+2 \mathrm{NH}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{Ag}\left(\mathrm{NH}_{3}\right)_{2}^{+}\)
(b) \(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{SO}_{4}+\mathrm{NH}_{3} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{HSO}_{4}^{-}+\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}\)
(c) \(2 \mathrm{HCl} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{H}_{2}+\mathrm{Cl}_{2}\)
(d) \(\mathrm{AlCl}_{3}+\mathrm{Cl}^{-} \rightleftharpoons \mathrm{AlCl}_{4}^{-}\)
Equation Transcription:
Text Transcription:
Ag^+ + 2NH_3 ⇌ Ag(NH_3)_2^+
H_2SO_4 + NH_3 ⇌ HSO_4⎺ + NH_4^+
2HCl ⇌ H_2 + Cl_2
AlCl_3 + Cl ⎺ ⇌ AlCl_4⎺
ANSWER:
Step 1 of 5
Arrhenius acid-base reaction
Any species that donates protons in its aqueous solution is called an Arrhenius acid, and any species that produces hydroxide ions in its aqueous solution is called an Arrhenius base.
Therefore, an Arrhenius acid-base reaction is between an Arrhenius acid and Arrhenius base in an aqueous solution.
Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction
Brønsted- Lowry acid is any species that donates a proton, and Brønsted-Lowry base is any species that accepts a proton.
Therefore, Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reactions involve the transfer of a proton from one species to another.
Lewis acid-base reaction
Any species that can accept a pair of electrons are called Lewis acids, and electron donors are called Lewis bases.
Therefore, an acid-base reaction involving the transfer of a pair of electrons from a Lewis base to a Lewis acid is considered a Lewis acid-base reaction.