The first law of thermodynamics and the conservation of energy, as discussed in Conservation of Energy, are clearly related. How do they differ in the types of energy considered?
PHY 111 Class Notes 1/11 1/15 Quantities: ● Length: meters ○ 1 meter is defined as the distance travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299792458 seconds. ● Mass: kg ○ 1 kg is defined as the mass of a specific platinum iridium alloy cylinder kept at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures in France. ● Time: second (s) ○ 1 second is defined as 9192631700 times the period of oscillation of radiation from the cesium atom. ○ 1 KHZ = 10^3/second Quarks = groups of subatomic particles Significant Figures: ● Accurate digit: can be confirmed ● Reasonably estimated digit: guess/rounded ● Piece of wood that appears to measure halfway between 5 and 6 cm = 5.5cm (2 sig figs) ● Manipulating measurements to calculate further measurements: ○ area = L x W ○ Rule #1: In multiplying/dividing two or more quantities, the number of significant figures in the final product (quotient) is the same as the number of significant figures in the least accurate of the factors being combined. ■ Ex 1: 11.2cm x 3.785cm = 42.392 → 42.4cm^2 ● Final answer should contain 3 sig figs because the least accurate measurement (11.2) only contains 3. ■ Ex 2: 27.8 / 11.472 = 2.42329… → 2.42 ○ Rule #2: When numbers are added/subtracted, the number of decimal places in
