Solutions for Chapter 14: Chemistry: A Molecular Approach 3rd Edition

The product formed when the C"O group of a monosaccharide is reduced to a CHOH group.

A carbocation in which an allylic carbon bears the positive charge.

The highest temperature at which it is possible to convert the gaseous form of a substance to a liquid. The critical temperature increases with an increase in the magnitude of intermolecular forces. (Section 11.4)

The left side of an NMR spectrum.

A reaction in which the Gibbs free energy of the products is higher than that of the reactants. The position of equilibrium for an endergonic reaction favors starting materials

A reaction in which the Gibbs free energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants. The position of equilibrium for an exergonic reaction favors products.

The process by which a protein adopts its biologically active shape. (Section 24.7)

The energy that dictates the position of chemical equilibria and rates of chemical reactions. A thermodynamic function of enthalpy, entropy, and temperature, given by the equation DG° 5 DH° 2 TDS°. If DG° , 0, the position of equilibria for the reaction favors products. If DG° . 0, the position of equilibria favors reactants.

Chemistry that promotes the design and application of chemical products and processes that are compatible with human health and that preserve the environment. (Section 18.5)

Spin-spin coupling with adjacent nuclei split NMR signals depending on the extent of coupling and the number of adjacent equivalent nuclei.

Phosphoglycerides thatcontain choline.

Solids that are composed of metal atoms. (Section 12.1)

Compounds formed when hydrogen reacts with nonmetals and metalloids. (Section 22.2)

A reaction that involves the participation of ions as reactants, intermediates, or products.

A ligand in which two or more donor atoms can coordinate to the same metal ion. (Section 23.3)

A polymer, comprised of more than one kind of repeating unit, in which there is a random distribution of repeating units.

A measure of the decrease in concentration of a reactant or the increase in concentration of a product with time. (Section 14.2)

The conversion of a ketone or aldehyde into an imine under conditions in which the imine is reduced as soon as it is formed, giving an amine.

A ribonucleic acid that carries a specifi c amino acid to the site of protein synthesis on ribosomes

A method for converting a carbonyl group into a methylene group (CH2) under basic conditions.