Explain the three sides of evidence-based clinical

Think of your closest friends. Do they tend to express more empathy than those you dont feel as close to? How have your own active listening skills changed as youve gotten older?

In psychoanalysis, what does it mean when we refer to transference, resistance, and interpretation?

How do psychotherapy, biomedical therapy, and an eclectic approach to therapy differ?

What are the goals and techniques of psychoanalysis, and how have they been adapted in psychodynamic therapy?

What are the basic themes of humanistic therapy, and what are the specific goals and techniques of Rogers client-centered approach?

Many clinical psychologists incorporate a variety of approaches into their therapy. They are said to take a(n) ___________ approach. a. transference b. biomedical c. psychoanalytic d. eclectic e. psychodynamic

What do psychodynamic therapists call the blocking of anxiety-laden material from the conscious? a. Resistance b. Interpretation c. Transference d. Face-to-face therapy e. Interpersonal psychotherapy

Which of the following is one of the ways humanistic therapies differ from psychoanalytic therapies? a. Humanist therapies believe the past is more important than the present and future. b. Humanist therapies boost self-fulfillment by decreasing self-acceptance. c. Humanist therapies believe the path to growth is found by uncovering hidden determinants. d. Humanist therapies believe that unconscious thoughts are more important than conscious thoughts. e. Humanist therapies focus on promoting growth, not curing illness.

Which of the following is a feature of client-centered therapy? a. Free association b. Active listening c. Resistance d. Freudian interpretation e. Medical/biological treatment

Explain what psychoanalysis is, and then discuss the relationship of transference and resistance to the therapy.

Explain what client-centered therapy is, then describe the two major techniques of the therapy

Critics say that behavior modification techniques, such as those used in token economies, are inhumane. Do you agree or disagree? Why?

What is the major distinction between the underlying assumptions in insight therapies and in behavior therapies?

How does the basic assumption of behavior therapy differ from those of psychodynamic and humanistic therapies? What techniques are used in exposure therapies and aversive conditioning?

What is the main premise of therapy based on operant conditioning principles, and what are the views of its proponents and critics?

What are the goals and techniques of cognitive therapy and of cognitivebehavioral therapy?

What are the aims and benefits of group and family therapy?

Dr. Welle tries to help her clients by teaching them to modify the things they do when under stress or experiencing symptoms. This means that Dr. Welle engages in therapy. a. behavior b. cognitive c. group d. rational-emotive behavior e. client-centered

Mary Cover Jones helped a little boy named Peter overcome his fear of rabbits by gradually moving a rabbit closer to him each day while he was eating his snack. This was one of the first applications of a. group therapy. b. virtual reality exposure therapy. c. aversive therapy. d. exposure therapy. e. cognitive therapy

On which of the following are token economies based? a. Classical conditioning b. Operant conditioning c. Group therapy d. Cognitive therapy e. Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Which of the following is considered a benefit of group therapy? a. It is the most effective therapy for children. b. It is particularly effective in the treatment of antisocial personality disorder. c. It is particularly effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. d. It is the only setting proven effective for virtual reality exposure therapy. e. It saves time and money when compared with other forms of therapy

Name and describe two specific types of group therapy

Explain what systematic desensitization is, then describe the two major components of the therapy

Can you think of a specific way that improving the environment in your own community might prevent some psychological disorders among its residents?

What is the difference between preventive mental health and psychological or biomedical therapy?

Does psychotherapy work? Who decides?

Are some psychotherapies more effective than others for specific disorders?

How do alternative therapies fare under scientific scrutiny?

What three elements are shared by all forms of psychotherapy?

How do culture, gender, and values influence the therapist-client relationship?

What should a person look for when selecting a therapist?

What is the rationale for preventive mental health programs?

Which of the following does the texts author call psychologys most powerful tool for sorting reality from wishful thinking? a. ESP or psychic powers b. Regression toward the mean c. Client perception d. Control group e. Placebo effect

Which of the following best describes meta-analysis? a. Evidenced-based practice b. A treatment versus no treatment group c. A tendency for smaller scores to move toward the average d. Regressing from unusual to usual e. A way to combine the results of lots of studies

Which of the following is the best phrase for a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client who are working to overcome the clients problem? a. Therapeutic alliance b. EMDR c. Evidence-based practice d. Meta-analysis e. Outcome research

Explain the three sides of evidence-based clinical decision making.

Psychotherapies have many common ingredients. Identify three commonly agreed-upon benefits of psychotherapies.

If a troubled friend asked, how would you summarize the available biomedical therapies?

How do researchers evaluate the effectiveness of particular drug therapies?

What are the drug therapies? How do double-blind studies help researchers evaluate a drugs effectiveness?

How are brain stimulation and psychosurgery used in treating specific disorders?

How, by taking care of themselves with a healthy lifestyle, might people find some relief from depression, and how does this reflect our being biopsychosocial systems?

Which neurotransmitter is affected by antipsychotic medications? a. Epinephrine b. Dopamine c. Norepinephrined. Acetylcholinee. Serotonin

Which of the following is most effectively treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)? a. Psychosis b. Schizophrenia c. Obsessive-compulsive disorderd. Depressione. Generalized anxietydisorder

Which of the following was the purpose of lobotomies? a. To alleviate depression b. To minimize delusions and hallucinations c. To erase troubling memories d. To recover repressed memories e. To separate the reasoning centers of the brain from the emotional centers

Identify the category of drugs used to treat schizophrenia and the category of drugs used to treat obsessivecompulsive disorder. Then explain what each of these two categories of drugs does inside the brain.

Briefly describe four therapeutic lifestyle changes advocated by Stephen Ilardi, and describe their benefits.

In an effort to help a child overcome a fear of dogs, a therapist pairs a trigger stimulus (something associated with dogs) with a new stimulus that causes a response that is incompatible with fear (for example, an appealing snack or toy). Which clinical orientation is this therapist using? a. Psychodynamic b. Behavioral c. Biomedical d. Client-centered e. Humanistic

Which of the following is a similarity between humanistic and psychoanalytic therapies? a. Both approaches focus on the present more than the past. b. Both approaches are more concerned with conscious than unconscious feelings. c. Both approaches focus on taking immediate responsibility for ones feelings. d. Both approaches focus on growth instead of curing illness. e. Both approaches are generally considered insight therapies.

A psychotherapist who uses a blend of therapies is practicing what kind of approach? a. Eclectic b. Psychodynamic c. Cognitive d. Cognitive-behavioral e. Humanistic

Some patients whose depression resists drugs have benefited from which experimental treatment? a. Transference b. Meta-analysis c. Antipsychotic drugs d. Deep-brain stimulation e. Resistance

Which kind of drug is most closely associated with increasing the availability of norepinephrine or serotonin? a. Antidepressant b. Antipsychotic c. Antianxiety d. Mood-stabilizing e. Muscle relaxant

Which of the following is seen as an effective treatment for severe depression that does not respond to drug therapy? a. Lobotomy b. Token economy c. ECT d. Crisis debriefing e. EMDR therapy

Echoing, restating, and seeking clarification of what a person expresses (verbally or nonverbally) in a therapy session is called a. active listening. b. virtual reality exposure therapy. c. systematic desensitization. d. family therapy. e. classical conditioning.

In the context of psychoanalytic theory, experiencing strong positive or negative feelings for your analyst is a sign of what? a. Counterconditioning b. Meta-analysis c. Transference d. Tardive dyskinesia e. Aversive conditioning

In which kind of therapy would the therapist be most likely to note the following during a session: Blocks in the flow of free associations indicate resistance? a. Cognitive therapy b. Psychoanalysis c. Client-centered therapy d. Behavioral therapy e. Person-centered therapy

Which kind of therapy below is most closely associated with the goal of altering thoughts and actions? a. Aversive conditioning b. Psychodynamic c. Client-centered d. Family e. Cognitive-behavioral

Allowing people to discover, in a social context, that others have problems similar to their own is a unique benefit of what kind of therapy? a. Psychodynamic b. Psychopharmacological c. Group d. Cognitive e. Humanistic

Which of the following therapeutic approaches is scientifically supported? a. Recovered-memory therapies b. Rebirthing therapies c. Cognitive therapy d. Energy therapies e. Crisis debriefing

Most antipsychotic drugs mimic a certain neurotransmitter by blocking its activity at the receptor sites. These drugs affect which one of the following neurotransmitters? a. Adrenaline b. Epinephrine c. Serotonin d. Dopamine e. Acetylcholine

Which of the following is not recommended by therapists as a way to help prevent or get over depression? a. Recovered-memory therapies b. Aerobic exercise c. Light exposure d. Increased social connections e. Antirumination strategies

A psychotherapist states, Getting people to change what they say to themselves is an effective way to change their thinking. This statement best exemplifies which kind of therapeutic approach? a. Behavioral b. Psychodynamic c. Biomedical d. Cognitive e. Active listening

Your friend Lawrence recently confided in you that he has been diagnosed with major depression. He heard about several different kinds of treatments: psychodynamic therapy, exposure therapy, REBT, SSRIs, and rTMS. Explain what you would tell Lawrence about how each type of therapy works and whether research indicates that it might be an effective treatment for major depression.

For each of the following pairs, first define the particular type of treatment referenced, then explain the rationale for using this therapy to treat an individual with the particular disorder with which it is paired. Bipolar disorder and the biomedical approach Phobias and systematic desensitization Dissociative identity disorder and psychoanalysis Addiction and group therapy Depression and rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

Different therapies rely on different underlying psychological perspectives about causes and explanations of thinking and behavior. List at least one specific therapeutic technique for each of the psychological approaches below and explain how that technique uses that psychological approach. Biological Cognitive Behavioral