Solution: According to the U.S. National Electrical Code,

Chapter 25, Problem 25.76

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According to the U.S. National Electrical Code, copper wire used for interior wiring of houses, hotels, office buildings, and industrial plants is permitted to carry no more than a specified maximum amount of current. The table shows values of the maximum current Imax for several common sizes of wire with varnished cambric insulation. The wire gauge is a standard used to describe the diameter of wires. Note that the larger the diameter of the wire, the smaller the wire gauge. Wire gauge Diameter (cm) Imax 1A2 14 0.163 18 12 0.205 25 10 0.259 30 8 0.326 40 6 0.412 60 5 0.462 65 4 0.519 85 (a) What considerations determine the maximum current-carrying capacity of household wiring? (b) A total of 4200 W of power is to be supplied through the wires of a house to the household electrical appliances. If the potential difference across the group of appliances is 120 V, determine the gauge of the thinnest permissible wire that can be used. (c) Suppose the wire used in this house is of the gauge found in part (b) and has total length 42.0 m. At what rate is energy dissipated in the wires? (d) The house is built in a community where the consumer cost of electrical energy is $0.11 per kilowatt-hour. If the house were built with wire of the next larger diameter than that found in part (b), what would be the savings in electricity costs in one year? Assume that the appliances are kept on for an average of 12 hours a day