Answer: Refer to the Baseball 2008 data, which reports

Chapter 5, Problem 83E

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QUESTION:

Refer to the Baseball 2008 data, which reports information on the 30 Major League Base­ball teams for the 2008 season. Set up a variable that divides the teams into two groups, those that had a winning season and those that did not. That is, create a variable to count the teams that won 81 games or more, and those that won 80 or less. Next create a new variable for attendance, using three categories: attendance less than 2.0 million, attendance of 2,0 million up to 3.0 million, and attendance of 3.0 million or more.

a.  Create a table that shows the number of teams with a winning season versus those with a losing season by the three categories of attendance. If a team is selected at random, compute the following probabilities:

1. Having a winning season.

2. Having a winning season or attendance of more than 3.0 million.

3. Given attendance of more than 3.0 million, having a winning season.

4. Having a losing season and drawing less than 2.0 million.

b. Create a table that shows the number of teams that play on artificial surfaces and natural surfaces by winning and losing records. If a team is selected at random, com­pute the following probabilities:

1. Selecting a team with a home field that has a natural surface.

2. Is the likelihood of selecting a team with a winning record larger for teams with natural or artificial surfaces?

3. Having a winning record or playing on an artificial surface.

Questions & Answers

QUESTION:

Refer to the Baseball 2008 data, which reports information on the 30 Major League Base­ball teams for the 2008 season. Set up a variable that divides the teams into two groups, those that had a winning season and those that did not. That is, create a variable to count the teams that won 81 games or more, and those that won 80 or less. Next create a new variable for attendance, using three categories: attendance less than 2.0 million, attendance of 2,0 million up to 3.0 million, and attendance of 3.0 million or more.

a.  Create a table that shows the number of teams with a winning season versus those with a losing season by the three categories of attendance. If a team is selected at random, compute the following probabilities:

1. Having a winning season.

2. Having a winning season or attendance of more than 3.0 million.

3. Given attendance of more than 3.0 million, having a winning season.

4. Having a losing season and drawing less than 2.0 million.

b. Create a table that shows the number of teams that play on artificial surfaces and natural surfaces by winning and losing records. If a team is selected at random, com­pute the following probabilities:

1. Selecting a team with a home field that has a natural surface.

2. Is the likelihood of selecting a team with a winning record larger for teams with natural or artificial surfaces?

3. Having a winning record or playing on an artificial surface.

ANSWER:

Answer:

Step 1 of 2:

(a)

We are asked to create a table that shows the number of teams with a winning season versus those with a losing season by the three categories of attendance.

From the given data we can create a table that shows the number of teams with a winning season versus those with a losing season by the three categories of attendance.

Team

Result

Attendance (in million)

Total

Winning

6

8

4

18

Losing

5

6

1

12

Total

11

14

5

30

If a team is selected at random, compute the following probabilities:

  1. Having a winning season.

From the above table, we can see that the team has won total 18 games out of 30.

The probability

  1. Having a winning season or attendance of more than  million.

We need to find

Using addition theorem of probability, we can write,

From the table, we can find the numbers,

  1. Given attendance of more than  million, having a winning season.

We need to find

We know the conditional probability,

Hence we can write from the table,

  1. Having a losing season and drawing less than 2.0 million.

We need to find

We can write from the table,

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