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Organic Chemistry | 6th Edition | ISBN: 9781936221349 | Authors: Marc Loudon, Jim Parise
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How many valence electrons are found in each of the following species (a) Na (b) Ca (c)

Chapter 1, Problem 1.1

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QUESTION:

How many valence electrons are found in each of the following species?

(a) Na

(b) Ca

(c) \(\mathrm{O}^{2-}\)

(d) \(\mathrm{Br}^{+}\)

Questions & Answers

QUESTION:

How many valence electrons are found in each of the following species?

(a) Na

(b) Ca

(c) \(\mathrm{O}^{2-}\)

(d) \(\mathrm{Br}^{+}\)

ANSWER:

Step 1 of 4

(a) Valence electrons are electrons in the outermost shell they are available for bonding.

Positive sign of ion indicates loss of an electron and negative sign of an electron indicates gain of an electron.

The given element - \(Na\)

Atomic number of Sodium element - 11

Electronic configuration - \(1 s^{2} 2 s^{2} 2 p^{6} 3 s^{1}\)

The valence electrons in 3s - orbital - 1

Therefore, Sodium has one valence electron.

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