Solutions for Chapter 2: Introductory Chemistry 5th Edition

Members of group 1A in the periodic table. (Section 7.7)

An atom or group of atoms bearing a positive charge.

A substance that forms complex ions with metal ions in solution. (23.3)

Any property of a substance that cannot be studied without converting the substance into some other substance. (1.6)

The most efficient arrangements for packing atoms, molecules, or ions in a crystal. (11.4)

A situation in which two multiple bonds are separated by a single bond. Alternatively, a series of overlapping 2p orbitals. 1,3-butadiene, for example, is a conjugated diene, and 3-butene-2-one is a conjugated enone

A cyclic polyether derived from ethylene glycol and substituted ethylene glycols.

The removal of salts from seawater, brine, or brackish water to make it fit for human consumption. (Section 18.4)

The circulation of electron density in the presence of an external magnetic field, which produces a local (induced) magnetic field that opposes the external magnetic field.

The capacity to do work or to transfer heat. (Section 5.1)

A five-membered cyclic hemiacetal form of a carbohydrate.

A polymer constructed from a single type of monomer.

A common name for a thiol; that is, any compound that contains an -SH (sulfhydryl) group

A form of isomerism in which the two forms of a compound (stereoisomers) are nonsuperimposable mirror images. (Section 23.4)

An ion in which oxygen bears a positive charge.

The conjugate base of phenol or a substituted phenol.

A compound that reduces another compound and in the process is itself oxidized. Sodium borohydride and lithium aluminum hydride are reducing agents.

A reaction that obeys conservation of orbital symmetry.

Electrons in the valence (outermost) shell of an atom.

An internal salt of an amino acid; the carboxylate is negatively charged, and the ammonium group is positively charged