Solution Found!
The reaction of an amine with an alkyl halide gives an
Chapter 8, Problem 69SP(choose chapter or problem)
The reaction of an amine with an alkyl halide gives an ammonium salt.
\(R_{3} N:+R^{\prime}-X \rightarrow R_{3} N-R^{\prime} X\)
amine alkyl halide ammonium salt
The rate of this \(S_{N} 2\) reaction is sensitive to the polarity of the solvent. Draw an energy diagram for this reaction in a nonpolar solvent and another in a polar solvent. Consider the nature of the transition state, and explain why this reaction should be sensitive to the polarity of the solvent. Predict whether it will be faster or slower in a more polar solvent.
Equation Transcription:
Text Transcription:
R_3 N:+R^X \rightarrow R_3 N-R^ X
S_N2
Questions & Answers
QUESTION:
The reaction of an amine with an alkyl halide gives an ammonium salt.
\(R_{3} N:+R^{\prime}-X \rightarrow R_{3} N-R^{\prime} X\)
amine alkyl halide ammonium salt
The rate of this \(S_{N} 2\) reaction is sensitive to the polarity of the solvent. Draw an energy diagram for this reaction in a nonpolar solvent and another in a polar solvent. Consider the nature of the transition state, and explain why this reaction should be sensitive to the polarity of the solvent. Predict whether it will be faster or slower in a more polar solvent.
Equation Transcription:
Text Transcription:
R_3 N:+R^X \rightarrow R_3 N-R^ X
S_N2
ANSWER:Solution 69SP :
Step 1:
Given reaction :
The reaction of an amine with an alkyl halide gives an ammonium salt.
The rate of this SN2 reaction is sensitive to the polarity of the solvent.
Here, we have to draw an energy diagram for the above reaction in a nonpolar solvent and another energy diagram in a polar solvent. And we need to explain why this reaction should be sensitive to the polarity of the solvent. Predict whether it will be faster or slower in a more polar solvent.
Energy diagram is the graph of energy versus reaction coordinate where the energy and the transition of a chemical reaction is represented. The vertical axis of the energy diagram represents the total potential energy of all the species involved in the reaction. The horizontal axis is called the reaction coordinate. The reaction coordinate symbolizes the progress of the reaction, going from the reactants on the left to the products on the right. The transition state is the highest point on the graph